John baynes



UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN HAYNES, OF NE\V YORK, N. Y.

MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES HAVING SURFACE FIGURES IN RELIEF 0R INTAGLIO.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 468,758, dated February 9, 1892. Application filed June 22, 1891- Serial No. 397,056. (No specimens.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, JOHN BAYNES, a subject of the Queen of Great Britain, residing at New York city, New York county, New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in the Manufacture of Articles having Surface Figures in Relief orlntaglio, of which the following is a specification.

In the manufacture of many objects in which patterns are formed upon the surfaces of blocks or plates by means of a coating applied so as to expose portions of the surface corresponding to the desired form it is common to coat the surface with a resist sensitive to light and to throw the light through a stencil or pattern-plate in such manner as to render portions of the resist insoluble, the re maining portions being then dissolved to expose the plate at such points to the action of a suitable etohingfluid. One objection to this method of manufacture is the necessity of securing a source of light, which is often interrupted when the sun is depended upon and which is expensive when electric lights are used,and'which in all cases must be carefully managed to prevent half-lights or shadows at the edges, which impair accurate definition. I have discoveredthat by the action of, suitable fluids it is possible to render the resist insoluble at the points where it is exposed to the stencil or beyond the pattern plates or forms and that by thus using a fixingfiuid I am enabled to avoid the necessity of employing light, as heretofore required, and the expense and difficulties incident to efforts to direct the light rays, so as to avoid half-tones or shadows.

In carrying out my invention I may make use of different resists and different fixing-fluids. Thus to etch or engrave any desired pattern upon a plate or block-as, for instance, a plate or block of metal or stone-I first form. the pattern in any suitable manner -as, for instance, by cutting out an opaque plate, as a sheet of copper ortinto form astencil,which is laid upon the tablet-plate after the latter has been coated with a suitable resist, and the exposed surface of the resist is then coated with ink by means of a brush, or a print may be made upon a suitable printing paper or sheet, or an ordinary printed sheet may be used and placed upon the surface of the resist with the ink or printed side down, and either left in its position or else moistened and then removed, so as to leave the ink-marks upon the face of the resist. In any case the ink used must be of a character to resist the fixing-fluid. The fixing-fluid is now applied to the surface of the resist, which may be done by means of a brush or by spraying or atomiz ing the fluid upon the resist or by forming a ledge around the resistand pouring the fluid in the receptacle thus formed. In either case the ink upon the surface of the resist at certain points protects the resist from the action of the fixingfluid, while the fluid acts upon. the exposed portions of the resist to render the latter insoluble at such portions. The fluid is left upon the resist as long as may be necessary to secure the desired effect, after which it is washed off and a suitable solvent is applied that dissolves away the parts formerly protected by the ink, leaving the surface of the tablet-plate exposed to be acted upon by acid, sand blast, or otherwise.

WVhile any suitable resist may be employed, I prefer in most instances to make use of asphaltum, and,while the fixing-fluid will vary with the character of the resist, I have found that an acid solution of copper or other metal is most effective with asphaltum. Thus I make a solution of twenty parts of nitric acid to eighty parts of water, with onedifth as much copper as will be dissolved by immersion in the said solution.

The ink used may be any good commercial printing-ink,lithographing ink,orplate-printers ink; but where the resist is heavy I prefer to thicken the ink by adding a certain pro portion ofbeeswax, varying according to the Weather and the severity of the bath.

IVithout limiting myself to the use of the specific materials and proportions set forth, I claim as my invention The within-described improvementin the manufacture of articles with surfaces having figures in relief or intaglio, the same consisting in coating the surface to be ornamented with a resist, covering said resist with the dename to this specification in the presence of sired pattern, subjecting the exposed portion two subscribing Witnesses. of the resist to a fixing-fluid, and then dis- 7 T solving away the soluble portions of the resist JOHN BAYL and operating upon the exposed snrfaces of Witnesses: the article, substantially as set forth. JOHN BAYNEs, J11,

In testimony whereof I have signed my ROBERT MOGILL. 

